An independent EU authority that contributes to safeguarding the stability of the European Union's financial system by enhancing investor protection and promoting stable and orderly financial markets.

A market-based mechanism designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Under this scheme, a cap is set on the total amount of emissions that can be released by covered entities, such as industries or power plants. Emission allowances are issued, each representing the right to emit a specific amount of greenhouse gasses. By creating a market for emission allowances, the ETS incentivizes emission reductions while providing flexibility for businesses to find the most cost-effective ways to comply with emissions targets.

The difference between the market price of electricity and the cost of generating electricity from natural gas, used to evaluate the profitability of natural gas-fired power plants.